Measurement of urinary flow rate
(uroflowmetry or uroflow test)
Why is a uroflowmetry test done?
A uroflowmetry test can detect urination problems, such as a weak urinary stream or a change in the quantity of urine. The stream of urine may be weak, for instance, if you have benign prostate enlargement (hyperplasia) or a tight foreskin, and this can be quantified using a uroflowmetry test.
How is a uroflowmetry test done?
If you are having a uroflow test, you will be asked to urinate into a funnel. The volume of urine per time unit can then be measured as you empty your bladder. The measurements are sent directly to a computer and displayed in a flow curve.
What do you need to know if you are having a uroflowmetry test?
As far as possible, the test should be done with a full bladder to ensure the results are informative.
Endoscopic examination of the bladder
(cystoscopy)
Why is a cystoscopy done?
To investigate diseases of the bladder or prostate, it may be necessary to take a direct look at these organs with a camera. For example, cystoscopy is still the most reliable method nowadays of detecting small bladder tumours.
How is a cystoscopy done?
First the sensitivity of the urethra is reduced with a gel containing a local anaesthetic. This may cause slight burning in the urethra. Cystoscopy involves inserting a flexible video camera instrument through the urethra into the bladder. The bladder is filled with sterile saline solution during the examination so that it can be viewed from the inside. This can cause an urge to urinate. The entire examination takes a few minutes.
Does cystoscopy have any after-effects?
After the examination, you might feel a slight burning when you pass water or a slightly stronger urge to urinate. In rare cases, the urine may be slightly bloody for a few hours.
Prostate biopsy
(collection of a tissue sample from the prostate)
Why is a prostate biopsy done?
A tissue sample needs to be taken from the prostate to rule out or detect prostate cancer if the condition is suspected.
How is a prostate biopsy done?
You will be given an antibiotic in tablet form before or after the examination in order to avoid infection. For the biopsy, a specially shaped ultrasound probe is first inserted into the anus to view the prostate under ultrasound. Local anaesthesia of the prostate is performed with a very fine needle. This may cause a slight pricking sensation. Guided by ultrasound, a special needle is then used to collect tissue samples from the prostate. Most people find this painless because of the local anaesthesia. The tissue sample is then sent to a specialist laboratory. The result of the biopsy is usually available after a few days.
Does prostate biopsy have any after-effects?
After the examination you may notice small amounts of blood in your stools, urine or semen, but this is harmless. Despite the antibiotic protection, about 1% of patients may experience fever, chills and shivering (blood poisoning). If this happens, you must contact us immediately.
